Chapter 21 Essays - World History, Turkic Peoples, Ottoman Empire

Chapter 21 Essays - World History, Turkic Peoples, Ottoman Empire Chapter 21 The Muslim Empires I. Introduction A. Muslim world essentially destroyed by those pesky Mongols B. But then...out of nowhere...came the return of the Muslims 1. Ottoman Empire - the biggest 2. Safavid Empire - Afghanistan and Iran 3. Mughal - the northern part of India C. These "gunpowder empires" could be compared with Russia and the West 1. In fact...they probably will be on a test not far, far away a. All militarily important b. Interacted far less with west than Russia c. Maintained control over how much they wanted to deal w/ West II. The Ottomans: From Frontier Warriors to Empire Builders A. Introduction 1. Turkic-speaking peoples a. Some fleeing Mongols, some looking for booty b. Osman leads one of these peoples - the Ottomans 2. Ottomans attack Byzantine Empire a. Finally Mehmed II defeats Constantinople b. Big bad guns too much for big bad walls 3. Extending the Ottoman Empire a. Scary naval power in Mediterranean b. Spread empire down to Egypt and across N. Africa 1. Looks kind of like what the Roman Empire looked like, w/out Europe c. Threatened Vienna, but didn't take d. But...Europe afraid of Ottomans for centuries...always in back of mind 1. Near the hypothalamus area B. A State Geared to Warfare 1. Economy and social class based on warfare a. Warrior class goes to top...surprise...guess who got to make the rules b. Competed for power with religious leaders and administrators 2. Army of Janissaries a. aka "Really Good Christian Slave Soldiers that Fight For Us" 1. Some given by parents, some taken forcibly 2. Schooled and could become bureaucrats 3. Hey...this is another type of coerced labor...interesting b. Became more powerful than cavalry - threatened aristocracy 1. What's scarier...Mr. Ed the Horse or a canon and gun? C. The Sultans and Their Court 1. Sultans control those beneath and economy a. Manipulated factions - aristocracy, religious, administrators b. Commerce given to Christians/Jews - "people of the book" 2. Sultans grow distant from the masses a. This will surprise you, but...sultans got richer b. Spent all their days blowing money on wives, rituals and palaces c. Viziers ended up taking control - think Prime Minister 3. Problems with succession a. Like the rest of the Muslim world (similarity), succession confusing b. When you have a harem, you have many sons 1. You die...they fight each other 2. Losing sons sometimes fled to enemy nations to stage revolt D. Constantinople Restored and the Flowering of Ottoman Culture 1. Changing Constantinople a. After destroyed/sacked - rebuilt b. Hagia Sophia converted from cathedral to mosque c. Aqueducts built, markets reopened, city's walls repaired 2. Future sultans try to improve mosques, infrastructure a. Architecture blends best of Muslim/Byzantine world a. Mansions, rest houses, schools, hospitals, gardens b. Fun and exciting markets c. Coffeehouses became centers of socialization, literary sharing and ingesting of caffeinated beverages 3. Regulation of merchants and artisans a. Government inspectors monitored quality of goods/artisans b. Artisans joined together in guilds - that sounds just like Europe 4. Language shift to Turkish a. Ummm...they shifted language to Turkish - literature and official business E. The Problem of Ottoman Decline 1. Different perspectives of Ottoman Empire a. Some talk about how bad decline was b. Eventually became "sick man" of Europe 2. Long decline means actually quite strong a. How many other empires have are around for 600 years 1. US has been an empire for about 61 years...but we've been declining for 28 months b. By 17th century, they started retreat from Russia, Europe, Arab lands c. Too large to be maintained - gave regional autonomy 3. Breakdown of regional administration a. Officials became corrupt 1. Locals leaders hold back money from incompetent nincompoops 2. Some rebellions at the local level 4. Problems of imperial administration a. Future leaders not groomed, but hidden away for protection 1. Monarchs kept alive, but fairly unprepared/nave b. Leaders no longer fierce military leaders, but pampered c. Power of military started to fade F. Military Reverses and the Ottoman Retreat 1. Ottomans fall further behind Europeans a. Reliance on super huge cannons b. Janissaries don't want military change that threatens their position 1. Sounds a bit like the samurai...oohh...another connection 2. Muslim sea power ends in 16th century a. Battle of Lepanto - Spanish/Venetians wipe them out b. Fleet rebuilt, but damage done 1. Portuguese

Biography of Anne Neville, Queen of Richard III

Biography of Anne Neville, Queen of Richard III Anne Neville (June 11, 1456- March 16, 1485) was first married to the young Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales and son of Henry VII, and later became the wife of Richard of Gloucester (Richard III) and thus Queen of England. She was a key figure, if more or less a pawn, in the Wars of the Roses. Fast Facts: Anne Neville Known For: Wife of Edward, Prince of Wales, son of Henry VI; wife of Richard of Gloucester; when Richard became King as Richard III, Anne became Queen of EnglandBorn: June 11, 1456 at Warwick Castle in London, EnglandParents: Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick and his wife Anne BeauchampDied: March 16, 1485 in London, EnglandSpouse(s): Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, son of Henry VI (m. 1470–1471); Richard, Duke of Gloucester, later Richard III, brother of Edward IV (m. 1472- 1485)Children: Edward, Prince of Wales (c. 1473–1484) Early Life Anne Neville was born June 11, 1456, at Warwick Castle in London, England, and likely lived there and in other castles held by her family while she was a child. She did attend various formal celebrations, including the feast celebrating the marriage of Margaret of York in 1468.   Annes father  Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, was called the Kingmaker for his shifting and influential roles in the Wars of the Roses.  He was a nephew of the  Duke of Yorks  wife, Cecily Neville, mother of Edward IV and Richard III. He came into considerable property and wealth when he married  Anne Beauchamp. They had no sons, only two daughters, of whom Anne Neville was the younger, and Isabel (1451–1476) the elder.  These daughters would inherit a fortune, and thus their marriages were especially important in the royal marriage game. Anne as Goods for Alliances In 1460, Annes father  and his uncle, Edward, Duke of York and Earl of March, defeated Henry VI at Northampton. In 1461, Edward was proclaimed King of England as Edward IV. Edward married Elizabeth Woodville in 1464, surprising Warwick, who had plans for a more advantageous marriage for him. By 1469, Warwick had turned against Edward IV and the Yorkists and joined the Lancastrian cause promoting the return of Henry VI. Henrys queen, Margaret of Anjou, was heading the Lancastrian effort from France. Warwick married his older daughter, Isabel, to George, Duke of Clarence, a brother of Edward IV, while the parties were in Calais, France.  Clarence switched from the York to the Lancaster party. Edward, Prince of Wales The next year, Warwick, apparently to convince Margaret of Anjou that he was trustworthy (because he had originally sided with Edward IV in unseating Henry VI), married his daughter Anne to Henry VIs son and heir apparent, Edward of Westminster. The marriage was held in Bayeux in mid-December of 1470. Warwick, Edward of Westminster accompanied Queen Margaret as she and her army invaded England, Edward IV fled to Burgundy. Annes marriage to Edward of Westminster convinced Clarence that Warwick had no intention to promote his kingship. Clarence switched sides and rejoined his Yorkist brothers. York Victories, Lancastrian Losses On April 14, 1471 at the Battle of Barnet, the Yorkist party was victorious, and Annes father, Warwick, and a brother of Warwick, John Neville, were among those killed. Then on May 4, in the Battle of Tewkesbury, the Yorkists won another decisive victory over Margaret of Anjous forces, and Annes young husband, Edward of Westminster, was killed either during the battle or shortly after. With his heir dead, the Yorkists had Henry VI killed days later.  Edward IV, now victorious and restored, imprisoned Anne, widow of Edward of Westminster and no longer Princess of Wales.  Clarence took custody of Anne and her mother. Richard of Gloucester When siding with the Yorkists earlier, Warwick, in addition to marrying his older daughter, Isabel Neville, to George, Duke of Clarence, had been trying to marry his younger daughter Anne to Edward IVs youngest brother, Richard, Duke of Gloucester. Anne and Richard were first cousins once removed, as were George and Isabel, all descended from Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort. (Joan was the legitimized daughter of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, and Katherine Swynford.)   Clarence tried to prevent the marriage of his wifes sister to his brother. Edward IV also opposed the marriage of Anne and Richard.  Because  Warwick had no sons, his valuable lands and titles would go to his daughters husbands at his death. Clarences motivation likely was that he didnt want to divide his wifes inheritance with his brother. Clarence attempted to take Anne in as his ward in order to control her inheritance. But under circumstances that are not fully known to history, Anne escaped Clarences control and she took sanctuary at a church in London, probably with Richards organization. It took two acts of parliament to set aside the rights of Anne Beauchamp, mother of Anne and Isabel, and a cousin, George Neville, and to divide the estate between Anne Neville and Isabel Neville. Anne, who had been widowed in May of 1471, married Richard, Duke of Gloucester, brother of Edward IV, perhaps in March or July of 1472.  He then claimed Annes inheritance.  The date of their marriage is not certain, and there is no evidence of a papal dispensation for such close relatives to marry.  A son, Edward, was born in 1473 or 1476, and a second son, who did not live long, may have been born as well. Annes sister Isabel died in 1476, shortly after her birth of a short-lived fourth child. George, Duke of Clarence, was executed in 1478 for plotting against Edward IV; Isabel had died in 1476. Anne Neville took charge of raising the children of Isabel and Clarence.  Their daughter, Margaret Pole, was executed much later, in 1541, by Henry VIII. The Young Princes Edward IV died in 1483. On his death, his minor son Edward became Edward V. But the young prince was never crowned. He was put into the charge of his uncle, Annes husband, Richard of Gloucester, as Protector. Prince Edward and, later, his younger brother were taken to the Tower of London, where they disappeared from history. Its presumed that they were killed, although its not clear when. Stories have long circulated that Richard III was responsible for the deaths of his nephews, the Princes in the Tower, to remove rival claimants for the crown. Henry VII, Richards successor, also had motive and, if the princes survived Richards reign, would have had the opportunity to have them killed. A few have pointed at Anne Neville herself as having the motivation to order the deaths. Heirs to the Throne While the princes were still being held under Richards control. Richard had his brothers marriage to Elizabeth Woodville declared invalid and his brothers children declared illegitimate on June 25, 1483, thereby inheriting the crown himself as the legitimate male heir. Anne was crowned as Queen and their son Edward was made Prince of Wales. But Edward died on April 9, 1484; Richard adopted Edward, Earl of Warwick, son of his sister, as his heir, probably at Annes request. Anne may have been unable to bear another child due to her ill health. Annes Death Anne, who reportedly was never very healthy, fell ill in early 1485 and died on March 16. Buried in Westminster Abbey, her grave was unmarked until 1960. Richard quickly named a different heir to the throne, his sister Elizabeths adult son, the Earl of Lincoln. With Annes death, Richard was rumored to be plotting to marry his niece, Elizabeth of York, to secure a stronger claim to the succession. Stories soon circulated that Richard had poisoned Anne to get her out of the way. If that was his plan, he was foiled. Richard IIIs reign ended on August 22, 1485, when he was defeated by Henry Tudor at the Battle of Bosworth. Henry was crowned Henry VII and married Elizabeth of York, bringing to an end the Wars of the Roses. Edward, Earl of Warwick, the son of Annes sister and Richards brother whom Richard adopted as heir, was imprisoned in the Tower of London by Richards successor, Henry VII, and executed after he attempted to escape in 1499. Annes possessions included a book of the  Visions of St. Matilda  which she had signed as Anne Warrewyk. Fictional Representations Shakespeare: In Richard III, Anne appears early in the play with the body of her father-in-law, Henry VI; she blames Richard for his death and that of her husband, the Prince of Wales, son on Henry VI. Richard charms Anne, and, though she also loathes him, she marries him. Richard early reveals that he does not intend to keep her long, and Anne is suspicious that he intends to kill her. She conveniently disappears as Richard begins a plan to marry his niece, Elizabeth of York. Shakespeare takes considerable creative license with history in his story of Anne. The time of the play is much compressed, and motives are likely also exaggerated or changed for literary effect. In the historical timeline, Henry VI and his son, Annes first husband, were killed in 1471; Anne married Richard in 1472; Richard III took power in 1483 soon after his brother, Edward IV, died suddenly, and Richard ruled for two years, dying in 1485. The White Queen: Anne Neville was a major character in the 2013 miniseries The White Queen, which was based on the novel of the same name (2009) by Philippa Gregory. Recent fictional representation: Anne was the subject of  The Rose of York: Love War by Sandra Worth, a 2003 work of historical fiction. Another Anne Neville A much later Anne Neville (1606–1689) was a daughter of Sir Henry Neville and Lady Mary Sackville.  Her mother, a Catholic, influenced her to join the Benedictines. She was abbess at Pointoise. Sources Gregory, Phillippa. The White Queen: A Novel. New York: Touchstone, 2009.  Hicks, Michael. Anne Neville: Queen to Richard III. Gloucestershire: The History Press, 2011.  Licence, Amy. Anne Neville: Richard IIIs Tragic Queen. Gloucestershire: Amberley Publishing, 2013.

How technology, with particular emphasis on the internet and Essay - 4

How technology, with particular emphasis on the internet and computers, has changed world culture - Essay Example ideoconferencing like communication channels help people to conduct meeting in the virtual world just like real world, no matter where the people are located. Social networking is another latest development in computer technology. It helps people from distant parts of the world to assemble in a common web platform and share their ideas, views, photos and videos. Social networks play a vital role in enhancing the intercultural communication. It should be noted that increase in intercultural communication may definitely contribute heavily to global peace and harmony. The recent revolutions in Libya and Egypt are often labeled as Facebook revolution. This is because of the huge role played by Facebook in empowering the people in these countries. Business is another area in which computers and internet have brought huge changes. Instead of typewriters and fax machines, computers and internet are used in the business world at present for preparing and sending documents. Earlier, documents were stored in paper formats in the business world. However, at present such things are stored in digital format so that the data may not be conserved for longer periods. It is quite possible for the business executives to conduct business meeting and negotiations in the virtual world just like real world. Moreover, computers and internet help business people to take quick decisions. Education is another area in which computer and internet have brought meaningful changes. Instead of traditional classrooms, computer assisted classrooms are used in educational institutions at present. Students can get any information at their fingertips with the help of a single click, from internet. The difficulties in searching particular information in a book are completely eliminated by computers and internet. Distant education made possible by computers and internet. It is easy for a student in America to get tuition classes from a teacher in India with the help of computers and internet at

Berkeley provides (at least) two objections to Lockes Essay

Berkeley provides (at least) two objections to Lockes - Essay Example In his second Principle, Berkeley claims that objects must be perceived in order to exist, â€Å"for the existence of an idea consists in being perceived† (Berkeley 461). He bases this premise on the evidence that thoughts, passions and imaginative ideas cannot exist without a mind capable of perceiving them. â€Å"And (to me) it seems no less evident that the various sensations or ideas imprinted on the sense, however blended or combined together (that is, whatever objects they compose), cannot exist otherwise than in a mind perceiving them† (471). This goes directly against Locke’s concept of primary properties which are described as properties of an object that are true regardless of who perceives them or even whether they are perceived. Examples of primary properties include the object’s solidity, its figure, its relative motion to its surroundings and its quantity. In the example of a table, primary properties might include its hard surface and open a rea between the legs, its flat surface and height from the ground, its motionless status within the room and its singular status as an object. While Locke says that these things exist whether or not anyone perceives them, Berkeley suggests that none of these elements of the object can be true without someone first perceiving that they’re true. In this, he essentially applies Locke’s concepts of secondary properties to the entire object, eliminating primary properties. â€Å"In truth, the object and the sensation are the same thing and cannot therefore be abstracted from each other† (471). Another area in which Berkeley disagrees with Locke is in the characterization of our understanding. Locke indicates that our perceptions and experiences of the world are learned and shaped by our experiences of innate things that exist in the material world independently of perception while Berkeley

Use of Symbolism In Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man Essay -- Ralph Ellis

Ralph Ellison uses several symbols to emphasize the narrator’s attempt to escape from stereotypes and his theme of racial inequalities in his novel, Invisible Man. In particular, the symbolism of the cast-iron is one that haunts the narrator throughout the book. Ellison’s character discovers a small, cast-iron bank that implies the derogatory stereotypes of a black man in society at the time. From its â€Å"wide-mouthed, red-lipped, and very black† features, to its suggestion of a black man entertaining for trivial rewards, this ignites anger in Ellison’s narrator. The cast-iron bank represents the continuous struggle with the power of stereotypes, which is a significant theme throughout the novel.1 The bank plays a significant role in the book by aiding to the author’s message of stereotypes, the narrator’s search for an individual identity, and his languished desire for equality. The narrator is constantly attempting to escape the racial profiling by everyone around him. The failure of this attempt is apparent by the inability to get rid of the broken pieces of the bank, which represents the inability to escape from the stereotypes he is affiliated with. The narrator repeatedly alludes to the fact that he is generalized because of his black heritage and therefore, invisible to society. This is especially clear when he finds the cast-iron bank. The bank is in the shape of a black slave with stereotyped features. The fact that it was a slave with a generous grin, eating coins, was demeaning. It frustrated the narrator that this was a comedic object, plainly made for the entertainment of white society at the expense of the black people. The fact that the bank is â€Å"a very black, red-lipped and wide mouthed negro† (Ralph Ellison, 319), ... ... the book, and when he is living in Harlem. Even though he has escaped the immediate and blatant prejudice that overwhelms Southern society, he constantly faces subtle reminders of the prejudice that still exists in society at this time. Even if they are not as extreme as the coin-eating bank. A major reason the Invisible man remains invisible to society is because he is unable to escape this bigotry that exists even where it is not supposed to. In this novel, Ralph Ellison uses the symbol of the cast iron bank to emphasize his feelings of sadness and frustration over the long standing bigotry that black Americans face. By having it appear at the end of the novel when he is in Harlem, where there should be less prejudice, and by his not being able to get rid of the pieces, he is stating that there is still a long process in America to erase stereotypes and bigotry.

Compare and Contrast US and Canada Capital Cities Essay

Washington dc and Ottawa share much in common in terms of geography, but they have also taken divergent paths in terms of history and culture. Originally inhabited by Native Americans, both were colonized by Europeans and later developed into two independent capitals. By 1500s, the European’s migration to North America had begun CITATION Swe02 l 1033 (Swerdlow, 2002). Europeans came to North America in search of land, valuable minerals, religious and political freedom. The European migrants came from England, France, and Spain, where they settled in colonies. Washington dc was founded on rebellion and the cult of seeking independence while Ottawa was formed through consensus among the public servants CITATION Mil11 l 1033 (Miller, 2011). While both cities share similar histories with regard to their former colonizers the British monarch, they bear divergent attitudes towards their formers colonizers. In the year 1763, France was forced to abandon most of its North American territory to the British Empire, which was a union of Scotland and England. Conflicts arose between the Native Americans and the colonial settlers as they sought to occupy the land. Most Native Americans were pushed out of their lands and their culture was nearly destroyed as a result of the conflict CITATION Bar13 l 1033 (Barret, 2013). When the British government imposed new taxes and restriction on the freedoms of Native Americans in 1760s, all the thirteen British colonies were angered and they fought against the British to attain independence. The result was a new independent country, the United States of America. Most Americans rejected the British monarchy and set up a republic, a type of government whereby people could elect their own leaders, including the head of states. Consequently, they elected George Washington as their first president CITATION For10 l 1033 (Forsey, 2010). As some American colonists did not wish to break ties with the British monarch, they sought to leave the newly formed country. Over hundred thousand people known as the loyalist moved out of the United States and settled in the French populated regions of Quebec, which was controlled by the British monarch. In the early 1800s, French and English speaking communities in the British North America were in constant conflict over the colonial government policies CITATION Mil11 l 1033 (Miller, 2011). However, they were soon brought together due to fears of a takeover by the United States. In the year 1867, four of the colonies – Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova scout- united under Prime Minister A. MacDonald, to from the united provinces of the dominion of Canada. This was a new country under the British Empire. Other neighboring areas such as British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, also become provinces of Canada CITATION For10 l 1033 (Forsey, 2010). Nowadays, Canada encompasses the ten provinces and another three territories, the Nunavut, the Yukon Territory and the North West territories. Currently, both the governments run from Ottawa and Washington dc are democracies with federal systems, whereby the national governments share power with provinces or the state governments CITATION Bel11 l 1033 (Belanger, 2011). However, the United States governments tends to tilt more towards democracy while Canada is more conservative. Indeed, the United States has been amending laws in accordance to the democratic rights of its citizens. This has been had been a strategy stated back in 1787, the united states leaders wanted to create a strong national government whilst preserving the structures individual states and citizens CITATION Bel11 l 1033 (Belanger, 2011). Therefore, a plan called the constitutional amendments was drafted so that the constitution could be adjusted to conform to the countries changing needs. The first ten amendments were known as the bill of rights, and they guaranteed the citizens fundamental rights, such as the freedoms of religion, speech and press. Canada, on the other hand, was formed as a dominion, which was essentially a self-governing country with close links with the British monarch. Ottawa gained full independence from the British Empire in 1931, but the British governments still held the rights to approve any changes made to the constitution of Canada CITATION For10 l 1033 (Forsey, 2010). It was not until 1982 that this legislative link to the British government was severed. During its founding, Canada had a strong central government, with very little powers shred to the individual provinces. However, over the years, the powers given to the provinces has significantly increased CITATION For10 l 1033 (Forsey, 2010). The form of government in Ottawa is a constitutional monarch. The executive arm of the Canadian government encompasses the governor general, the prime minister and the cabinet CITATION Bar13 l 1033 (Barret, 2013). In this government, the British monarch is still acts as the head of state. Additionally, the British monarch appoints the governor general in order to act in his or her place. The national legislature is known as the parliament, and it is made up of the senate and the House of Commons. The prime minister is the leaders of the majority political party in the parliament and serves as the actual head of government. The supreme court of Canada is composed of nine judges, and it is the country’s highest court CITATION Bar13 l 1033 (Barret, 2013). On the other hand, the government in Washington is made up of three branches; the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary. The executive arm of the government encompasses the president, the vice president, and all the executive departments that control various division of the federal government CITATION Swe02 l 1033 (Swerdlow, 2002). The president’s cabinet is made up of the heads of these departments. They also double up as special advisors. Elected state representatives makeup the senate and the House of Representatives. The senate and House of Representatives make up the legislative branch of the government. Meanwhile, the judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and the lower federal courts. While English is the official language and the main language in Washington dc, Ottawa has both English and French as the two official languages. Due to the immigration of people from all various parts of the world to Canada and the United States, there are other languages used, albeit in the few minority ethnicities CITATION Mil11 l 1033 (Miller, 2011). The immigrants from Great Britain came with the English language to United States and most parts of Canada. However, in some Canadian provinces such as Quebec and cities such as Ontario and Ottawa, French is included as the official language since some of the provinces population is made up descendants of French settlers who had arrived there between 1500s and 1700s CITATION Bar13 l 1033 (Barret, 2013). Since the French-speaking Canadians in the city wanted more protection for their culture and language, they sought to for the recognition and use of French language as part of the official language in Ottawa. Although both cities have a number of differences as mentioned above, they also exhibit several similarities. Firstly, Both Ottawa and Washington dc are capital cities of Canada and the United States respectively. Unlike other capitals such as London, Tokyo or Mexico City, both are not the unrivaled centers of gravity of their respective countries CITATION Bar13 l 1033 (Barret, 2013). Fundamentally, both are political capitals and not cultural or economic capital cities. They are both government cities and not megacities. However, they both manage to maintain a cosmopolitan atmosphere and a profile of much bigger proportions than their own size. In addition, neither of them were their countries initial capitals. Although they both have neighborhoods that were formerly colonial towns, the two cities developed around national politics and for most of the time, the government was at the center of everything CITATION Swe02 l 1033 (Swerdlow, 2002). Both Ottawa and Washington dc exemplify a distinguishing North American federal urbanism. While both cities have a population of less than a million, they have several monuments, museums and embassies CITATION Swe02 l 1033 (Swerdlow, 2002). Tourist visit both cities to experience the historical foundations of the two North American countries, Canada, and the United States. Both Ottawa and Washington dc are filled with stylish Victorian houses and neoclassical public buildings. Additionally, they both have several impressively designed office blocks. For instance, Ottawa has a bureaucratic brutalist wonderland while in Washington dc there is the J. Edgar Hoover building at the pentagon’s scale CITATION Bel11 l 1033 (Belanger, 2011). The two cities have adopted approach to urban development that is centered on housing and amenities targeted to the professional classes, causing a wave of growth that has boosted a renaissance of downtown livability. Washington dc and Ottawa have a similar educational system. This includes a network of both public and private schools. Both cities have compulsory education requirements. In addition, the Canadian provinces and the United States have a 12-grade school system. There are universities and colleges in both cities. In terms of the rate of literacy, both the US and Canada have literacy rate of 97 percent CITATION Bar13 l 1033 (Barret, 2013). The cultural influences of the United States and Canada, which are headquartered in Washington dc and Ottawa respectively, is strongest in the discipline of popular entertainment. Indeed, both the United States and Canada have had a profound impact throughout the world through their popular culture CITATION Bel11 l 1033 (Belanger, 2011). In the 1900s, the US was the world’s most dominant source of entertainment and trendy fashion, ranging from the t- shirts and the jeans to the television programs, movies and rock stars. Even nowadays, Hollywood has become synonymous with the film industry. On its part, the Canada film industry which receives backing from Ottawa, is renowned for its shakes hers festivals that are held annually in Ontario. Therefore, the entertainment cultures in both cities has greatly shaped and influenced the entertainment industry thought the world CITATION Bar13 l 1033 (Barret, 2013). Being the citizens of two of the world’s wealthiest capital cities, people in both Ottawa and Washington dc enjoy a high standard of living. Due to their socioeconomic status or their level of educational income, the citizens of both cities have an advantage over the personal opportunities and choices. Due to the support systems in place that ensure agricultural surplus in both the United States and Canada, foods are fairly inexpensive. The housing varies considerably depending on the needs of families and individuals CITATION Bel11 l 1033 (Belanger, 2011). They range from suburban houses to multifamily row houses to high rise apartments. References   Barret, M. (2013). Interculturalism and multiculturalism: similarities and differences. London: Council of Europe. Belanger, D.-C. (2011). Prejudice and Pride: Canadian Intellectuals Confront the United States, 1891-1945. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Forsey, E. A. (2010). How Canadians govern themselves. Ottawa: Library of Parliament. Miller, K. (2011). FOLLOWING THE AMERICAN LEAD: CANADA’S DIPLOMACY. Wellington: Heritage. Swerdlow, J. L. (2002). The cultural geography of the united states and Canada. New York: National Geographic. Source document

The Reasons for Adoption Essay - 575 Words

When a couple or individual decides to adopt a child, they know they are going to take on the responsibility of taking care of someone else’s child. Due to the biological parent(s) who can’t take care of that child anymore, because of either drug abuse, alcohol abuse, abuse to the child or if the parent(s) had died and there is no other care for the child. So that’s why this gives other couples who cannot have kids, the opportunity to promise themselves to be a great parent to a child in need. Though there are some bad things about adoption as well. Like adopting a child from another country of another race, because once that child is adopted into an American family, he or she will be cut off from their culture and never know about their†¦show more content†¦So before a child can be taken into a permanent home, they are in foster care homes that provides temporary placement in a family setting. If the adoption is going to be from another country, where t he child is from another race and culture, the adopting parents should get to know about that race and culture before taking care of that child. So while raising this child, they can also teach them about their culture so they won’t be cut out of their original heritage. Because these children are banned from knowing about their culture and customs, it wouldn’t be good to take that away from anyone. So this can be a bad thing about taking in a child from another country, and the process would take up a lot more time and money to do this. The reasons why some biological parent(s) cannot take care of a child anymore is usually because, they have a drug addiction problem where all their money goes to support their drug habits, and not providing food for the child. The parent(s) is an alcoholic, where they also use all the money for their alcohol use, and where it usually leads to abusing the child, when they have been drinking heavily or high on some kind of drug. Another can also be that a child came from a very young girl, who can’t take care of the child and decides to give them up for adoption. Then there is also a part where the child goes through aShow MoreRelatedExercise And Behavior Adoption For Many Reasons965 Words   |  4 PagesThis course has given me a new perspective on exercise and behavior adoption for many reasons. The first and biggest realization I had was during the behavior change project. This assignment allowed me to take a step back and assess where I stand physically and mentally. I noticed that I lacked discipline in my diet and exercise routines. That being said, I did exercise periodically prior to this moment, but I knew that I was capable of accomplishing more and using my time more wisely. The fact thatRead MoreReasons for Management Control Systems Adoption1286 Words   |  6 PagesReasons for Management Control Systems Adoption 1 Reasons for Management Control Systems Adoption Insights from Product Development Systems Choice by Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Companies Claudia Fernandez Management Control Systems FE2510, Autumn - Period 1 Professor Eva Wittbom Blekinge Tekniska Hà ¶gskola September 26th, 2010 Reasons for Management Control Systems Adoption INTRODUCTION 2 Through the past few years, and due to different theoretical and empirical studies performedRead MoreExercise And Behavior Adoption For Many Reasons959 Words   |  4 PagesThis course has provided a new perspective on exercise and behavior adoption for many reasons. The first and prominent realization I had was during the behavior change project. This assignment allowed me to take a step back, and assess where I stand physically and mentally. 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There are various reasons why people decide to adopt. Some say adoption is the best thing for certain children and many successful stories prove it to be true. However, there are also numerous tragic reports of adopted children being abused. Basically, what adoption meant, and still means, is that someone (the adoptive couple) is promising to assume all responsibilitiesRead MoreAdoption, Domestic And International Adoption Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pageschildren, but what are other options? Adoption gets helpless children out of the foster care system, but having their own child gives them a better connection. Three reasons why parents should adopt is because it helps get kids out of foster care, adopted families have all the same rights as families formed from birth, and adopting a child helps parents start a family if they can’t get pregnant. Although some peo ple think that having their own child is better, adoption is better because it gives childrenRead MoreAdoption Worth The Cost : Should Adopting A Child Be Free?1453 Words   |  6 PagesAdoption Worth the Cost Should adopting a child be free? As a first response, many people would answer â€Å"Yes, adoption should be free,† arguing that there should not be a price tag on children, or that adoption is unreasonably expensive. Others may argue that â€Å"No, it should not be free,† because it may unknowingly put the adoptees at risk for danger, while the children are easily accessible. Adoptions were created to give children, whose biological parents could not care for them, a new and affectionateRead MoreInternational Adoptions Essay670 Words   |  3 PagesINTRODUCTION The number of international adoptions taking place in the United States is steadily increasing. Many people looking to start a family in the United States are turning to international adoptions because the process is easier than adopting within this country. However, many of these adoptive parents are not ready for the challenges of adopting a child from another country. Not only are the adoptive parents and the children at different levels of readiness to attach but the child is forcedRead MoreChoosing Adoption Instead Of Abortion946 Words   |  4 PagesHailey I. Bell Mr. Steven Harris Freshman Honors English 05 February 2015 Choosing Adoption Instead of Abortion The National Adoption Center stated, â€Å"There are no unwanted children. Just unfound families.† This quote shows the positive outlook that adoption agencies portray. When a parent chooses not to keep custody of a child, the child then becomes available for other parents to adopt them. Once adopted the child has an opportunity to have a regular life with people who will love and provide forRead MorePet Adoption741 Words   |  3 Pages Pet Adoption Many people have different thoughts on adoption. Such as why adoption is a good thing not only for the animal but also the owner, if each dog deserves a second chance, and if there should be kill shelters. Adoption is good for both the animal and the owner, by adopting an animal is gives them a new home that they deserve. Adoption gives the owner a sense of what the animal has gone through, which sometimes helps understand the way the animal may act and can help find ways to train